Silver chlorate

Silver chlorate
	Silver(I) chlorate
Names
	IUPAC name Silver(I) chlorate
	Systematic IUPAC name Silver(I) chlorate(V)
	Other names Argentous chlorate
Identifiers
CAS Number	7783-92-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	7991255 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.122
EC Number	232-034-9;
PubChem CID	9815505;
UNII	O4T3J400JU ;
UN number	1479
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50228454 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Ag.ClHO3/c;2-1(3)4/h;(H,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1 Key: SDLBJIZEEMKQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-M ; InChI=1/Ag.ClHO3/c;2-1(3)4/h;(H,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1 Key: SDLBJIZEEMKQKY-REWHXWOFAI;
	SMILES [Ag+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	AgClO3
Molar mass	191.32 g·mol−1
Appearance	white crystals
Density	4.43 g/cm3 (tetragonal); 4.21 g/cm3 (cubic);
Melting point	230 °C (446 °F; 503 K)
Boiling point	270 °C (518 °F; 543 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	17.6 g/100 g
Solubility in alcohols	soluble
Band gap	2.92 eV (cubic); 2.40 eV (tetragonal);
Structure (cubic)
Crystal structure	Cubic [198]
Space group	P213
Point group	23
Lattice constant	a = 6.63 Å, b = 6.63 Å, c = 6.63 Å α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Lattice volume (V)	291.06 Å3
Formula units (Z)	4
Coordination geometry	Octahedral at Ag1+; Trigonal planar at O2−; Trigonal non-coplanar at Cl5+;
Structure (tetragonal)
Crystal structure	Tetragonal [87]
Space group	I4/m
Point group	4/m
Lattice constant	a = 8.67 Å, b = 8.67 Å, c = 8.17 Å α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Lattice volume (V)	614.13 Å3
Formula units (Z)	8
Coordination geometry	8-coordinate at Ag (1), distorted trigonal pyramidal at Ag (2); distorted single bond at O (1), trigonal planar at O (2); Trigonal non-coplanar at Cl;
Thermochemistry
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	142.0 J⋅mol−1⋅K−1
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−30.3 kJ⋅mol−1
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	64.5 kJ⋅mol−1
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H272, H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P210, P220, P221, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340+P312, P305+P351+P338, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 0 2 OX
Threshold limit value (TLV)	0.01 mg/m3 (TWA)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	0.01 mg/m3
REL (Recommended)	0.01 mg/m3 (TWA)
Related compounds
Other anions	Silver bromate; Silver iodate; Silver perchlorate;
Other cations	Cobalt(II) chlorate; Copper chlorate; Zinc chlorate;
Related compounds	Silver chloride; Silver(I) fluoride; Silver(II) fluoride; Silver(I) nitrate;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Silver chlorate is an inorganic compound with molecular formula AgClO₃. It exists in two forms: white tetragonal prisms, and cubic crystals.^[3]^[7] Like all chlorates, it is water-soluble and an oxidizing agent. It is light-sensitive, so it must be stored in tightly closed dark-coloured containers.^[8]

Production

Silver chlorate is produced by the reaction of silver nitrate with sodium chlorate to produce both silver chlorate and sodium nitrate:^[8]

AgNO₃ + NaClO₃ → AgClO₃ + NaNO₃

Alternatively, it may be produced by the bubbling of chlorine gas through a suspension of silver oxide (Ag₂O), or by dissolving Ag₂O or metallic silver in chloric acid.^[3]

Structure

AgClO₃ normally exists as tetragonal crystals which undergo a transition to a cubic phase at 139 °C (282 °F).^[7]

Safety

Aside from the potential dangers associated with strong oxidizers, silver chlorate may cause argyria, eye irritation, skin irritation, and temporary respiratory issues.^[9]

It also has the potential to detonate when heated very rapidly, or from mechanical shock.^[1] If exposed to ammonia it may form the explosive complex triamminesilver chlorate (AgClO₃·3NH₃).^[3]

References

1 2 3 4 5 Sigma-Aldrich Co., Silver chlorate. Retrieved on 28 July 2025.
1 2 Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 4–84, 5–35. ISBN 9781498754293.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Fedoroff, Basil T.; Sheffield, Oliver E.; Clift, George D.; Reese, Earl F. (1 January 1962). "C - Chlorates - Silver Chlorate". Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items: Vol 2 (B (Explosif) through Chloric acid) (PDF). Picatinny Arsenal, NJ: Army Armament Research Development and Engineering Center: Warheads, Energetics, and Combat Support Armaments Research Center. p. C197. LCCN 61-61759. AD0422747, PATR 2700. Retrieved 28 July 2025.
1 2 "Materials Data on AgClO3 (cubic)". next-gen.materialsproject.org. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA: LBNL Materials Project. 2020-05-02. doi:10.17188/1303485. OSTI 1303485. mp-775761, DOE Contract Number AC02-05CH11231. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
1 2 "Materials Data on AgClO3 (tetragonal)". next-gen.materialsproject.org. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA: LBNL Materials Project. 2020-07-18. doi:10.17188/1202095. OSTI 1202095. mp-27941, DOE Contract Number AC02-05CH11231. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
↑ "SDS - Silver chlorate" (PDF). www.colonialmetals.com. Elkton, MD: Colonial Metals. 3 July 2017. p. 5. Retrieved 22 July 2026.
1 2 Deshpande, Vilas; Suryanarayana, S V; Frantz, C (December 1982). "Tetragonal to cubic phase transition in silver chlorate" (pdf). Bulletin of Materials Science. 4 (5): 563–568. doi:10.1007/BF02824963.
1 2 Glemser, O.; Sauer, H. (1965). "19. Copper, Silver, Gold". In Brauer, Georg (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry v2 (2nd ed.). New York, USA: Academic Press. p. 1037. ISBN 0-323-16129-4. Retrieved 28 July 2025.
↑ "SDS: Silver Chlorate". www.sigmaaldrich.com. Sigma-Aldrich. p. 8. Retrieved 28 July 2025. May cause argyria (a slate-gray or bluish discoloration of the skin and deep tissues due to the deposit of insoluble albuminate of silver)., To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated.

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[Sigma-1] 1 2 3 4 5 Sigma-Aldrich Co., Silver chlorate. Retrieved on 28 July 2025.

[CRC97-2] 1 2 Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 4–84, 5–35. ISBN 9781498754293.

[encyclopediaExp-3] 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fedoroff, Basil T.; Sheffield, Oliver E.; Clift, George D.; Reese, Earl F. (1 January 1962). "C - Chlorates - Silver Chlorate". Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items: Vol 2 (B (Explosif) through Chloric acid) (PDF). Picatinny Arsenal, NJ: Army Armament Research Development and Engineering Center: Warheads, Energetics, and Combat Support Armaments Research Center. p. C197. LCCN 61-61759. AD0422747, PATR 2700. Retrieved 28 July 2025.

[MaterialsProject-4] 1 2 "Materials Data on AgClO3 (cubic)". next-gen.materialsproject.org. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA: LBNL Materials Project. 2020-05-02. doi:10.17188/1303485. OSTI 1303485. mp-775761, DOE Contract Number AC02-05CH11231. Retrieved 22 July 2026.

[MaterialsProject2-5] 1 2 "Materials Data on AgClO3 (tetragonal)". next-gen.materialsproject.org. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA: LBNL Materials Project. 2020-07-18. doi:10.17188/1202095. OSTI 1202095. mp-27941, DOE Contract Number AC02-05CH11231. Retrieved 22 July 2026.

[ColonialMetalsSDS-6] "SDS - Silver chlorate" (PDF). www.colonialmetals.com. Elkton, MD: Colonial Metals. 3 July 2017. p. 5. Retrieved 22 July 2026.

[CrystalTrans-7] 1 2 Deshpande, Vilas; Suryanarayana, S V; Frantz, C (December 1982). "Tetragonal to cubic phase transition in silver chlorate" (pdf). Bulletin of Materials Science. 4 (5): 563–568. doi:10.1007/BF02824963.

[brauer-8] 1 2 Glemser, O.; Sauer, H. (1965). "19. Copper, Silver, Gold". In Brauer, Georg (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry v2 (2nd ed.). New York, USA: Academic Press. p. 1037. ISBN 0-323-16129-4. Retrieved 28 July 2025.

[9] "SDS: Silver Chlorate". www.sigmaaldrich.com. Sigma-Aldrich. p. 8. Retrieved 28 July 2025. May cause argyria (a slate-gray or bluish discoloration of the skin and deep tissues due to the deposit of insoluble albuminate of silver)., To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated.

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